Federal Gazette, Philadelphia, erican Daily Marketer, Philadelphia, February step three, 1792, EAND. Aurora General Advertiser, Philadelphia, February twenty-seven, 1799, EAND. Poulson’s Every single day Marketer, Philadelphia, September 24, 1813, EAND.

Marietta Moments, March fourteen, 1889; Clarence Yards. Burton, History of Detroit, 1780 so you can 1850 (Detroit, 1917), p. 357. The new Butler keyboard is in the line of the brand new Historical Neighborhood regarding Western Pennsylvania. New Henley Chapman cello is in the type of new Derican Wave Art gallery, Washington, D.C.; to have an example, discover Collectibles (April 1976): 756, fig. 16. Brunner, You to Ingenious Team, p. 87. Biographical details about Taws are off Edward Taws Jr. and Helen Taws, Charles Taws, california. 1743–1836: Drum Creator, Their Occupation, Their Progeny, and many out of His Descendants (Philadelphia: the brand new people, 1986), pp. 1–nine.

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Philadelphia Gazette, January 17, 1794, EAND. Laurence Libin, “Music-Relevant Commerce in a few Moravian Account,” when you look at the Traupman-Carr, ed., David Tannenberg and Organs of your Moravians, pp. 92–93; find including Deborah Dependahl Oceans, “Delaware Furniture, 1740–1890,” Collectibles 127, no. 5 (Get 1985): 1149. Select including Charles G. Dorman, “Delaware Cabinetmakers and you can Allied Music artists, 1655–1855,” Delaware History nine, zero. 2 (October 1960): 212–13. Aurora, Philadelphia, March 24, 1812, quoted when you look at the Mann, “Keyboard And work out,” p. 184. Towards the Thomas Loud Evenden, pick Libin, Western Songs Tools, pp. 177–80. Pianos produced by C.F.L. Albrecht become both straight and you may square designs. Pianos always been produced immediately following his passing beneath the business title Charles Albrecht, which was received from the Blasius & Sons keyboard business of Philadelphia from inside the 1887 and continued towards the 1920s; discover Venable, “Philadelphia Biedermeier,” pp. 238–fifty. To the Geib and Steinweg/Steinway, find Libin, Western Musical Devices, pp. 169–73, 186–88. For cello development inside 1829, select J. Leander Bishop, A history of Western Makes out-of 1608 in order to 1860, step 3 vols. (Philadelphia: Edward More youthful and you will Co., 1866), 2: 339.

Thomas Roentgen. , The latest Globes regarding Jacob Eichholtz: Portrait Artist of Early Republic (Lancaster, Pa.: Lancaster County Historical Neighborhood, 2003), pp. 39, 88. zero. 61285; it has half dozen ft and you may an excellent nameboard cartouche resembling the main one for the fig. 117. About three earlier pianos is known: you to owned by Historic RittenhouseTown; one in an exclusive range; and another previously regarding the collection of George Horace Lorimer one are marketed from the Sotheby’s, Nyc, February 29–31 and you may April step 1, 1944, package 812. The whereabouts of one’s ex lover-Lorimer piano is actually unfamiliar, however it does not be seemingly both of other a few. These types of patterns was indeed especially well-known towards the Baltimore decorated seats; see William Voss Elder III, Baltimore Painted Furniture 1800–1840 (Baltimore, Md.: Baltimore Museum out of Art, 1972), esp. pp. 61, 75–76. To your neoclassical society regarding the pretty arts, look for Wendy A. Cooper, Traditional Preference in the us, 1800–1840 (Baltimore, Md.: Baltimore Art gallery of Ways, 1993).

Some supplies claim the fresh Haberacker guitar was created to have renowned clockmaker and scientist David Rittenhouse inside 1794; an identical is claimed regarding a piano inside an exclusive range, created by Charles Taws, that’s dated 1794 with the nameboard. It’s impractical that David Rittenhouse would have had a learning- rather than a Philadelphia-made piano, however, Haberacker’s birth in 1780 will make it obvious which he did perhaps not get this cello inside 1794 meaning that the Taws you to definitely is more going to was David Rittenhouse’s. The new Haberacker guitar originated inside the a branch of your own Rittenhouse members of the family that from 1833 so you can 1838 stayed in Pottstown, Montgomery Condition-on to try to get kilometers the southern part of out-of Studying-that’s likely if it came into their possession. With regards to the donor, Mrs. Theodore H. Steuber out of Dallas, Tx, new cello was extracted from Philadelphia in order to Baltimore of the Charles Rittenhouse, young buck off Nicholas Rittenhouse, within the 1832. not, Charles (b. 1808) did not wed until 1833; he stayed in Pottstown until 1838, upcoming Germantown and you may Wissahickon getting a decade, in advance of transferring to Baltimore about 1848. Charles was also simply distantly related to David Rittenhouse; he had been the new young man of Nicholas Rittenhouse (1774–1859) regarding Roxborough, Pennsylvania; Nicholas try the brand new son out-of Martin Rittenhouse (1747–ca. 1828), an aunt away from clockmaker David Rittenhouse (1732–1796); pick Daniel Kolb Cassel, Reputation of the newest Rittenhouse Relatives (Germantown, Pa., 1894), p. 20. Charles Rittenhouse elia van Buskirk inside 1833; the latest guitar predates their matrimony by the on twenty years and ily or acquired in a few other method. To your guitar, discover Mary Rittenhouse Schwartzentruber, “New Rectangular Cello: A RittenhouseTown Benefits,” RittenhouseTown: A journal of history 3 (2006): 3–6; discover in addition to research by the Bernice Graeter-Reardon, , Historical RittenhouseTown document. Richard S. Machmer and you can Rosemarie B. Machmer, Berks Condition Significant-Instance Clocks, 1750 to 1850 (Discovering, Pa.: Historical Neighborhood Drive away from Berks County, 1995), pp. 59, 71. Into Bischoff, see Russell Serious and you may Corinne Earnest, “Fraktur-Fest II: A beneficial Tribute in order to Richard S. Machmer,” Der Reggboge 41, no. dos (2007): 11–12; and additionally Alfred L. Shoemaker, “Reading’s Basic Singer, a painter regarding Butterflies,” Historical Breakdown of Berks Condition 13, zero. step 3 (April 1948): 89–90. Many of the variations have been posted by the Jacob Schneider and you may Johann Ritter out-of reading and sustain the brand new imprint “Verfertigt von Facebook” otherwise “served by F[rederick] B[ischoff]” in the bottom of your central heart. The fresh new certificates keeps varying styles of discussing all of them, recommending one Bischoff decorated all of them but almost every other scriveners occupied them aside. Bruno J. Palmer-Poroner, “The brand new Establishment away from Libraries from inside the Learning,” Historical Breakdown of Berks State 6, zero. 4 (1941): 101.

Into the a remarkable venture of a single-upmanship, Trinity Lutheran accredited a body organ that have twenty ends of Tannenberg during the 1771; a couple of years before, the newest Italian language Reformed chapel from inside the Lancaster had rented him to build all of them a body organ having fifteen concludes. While the latter organ had a case created for ?50 because of the local cabinetmaker George Burkhardt (d. 1783), brand new Lutherans hired Peter Frick (1743–1822), who’d has just gone to live in Lancaster out of Germantown, to construct the situation. A work of art from cabinetwork for which new church reduced ?210, the truth enjoys fluted articles to your all the way down 50 % of, specialized moldings, created and you may pierced overlays, and ornate finials on every of one’s five towers. The fresh sculpture try strongly similar to Philadelphia craftsmanship, and some from it could even was in fact carried out truth be told there, just like the a cost was developed in the January 1774 getting carrying “timber otherwise wood pieces” for the body organ off Philadelphia (fig. 6). The new organ try dedicated in the erica. Couple of years afterwards, they overwhelmed an united kingdom lieutenant whom saw new chapel interior. He penned: “the massive free galleries on every front side, the roomy body organ attic, backed by Corinthian pillars, are exceedingly beautiful . . . . The newest chapel, in addition to body organ, decorated white with gilt decor, that has an incredibly cool looks . . . the latest organ are reckoned the most significant and best in the us. . . . It’s the premier, and i also imagine the utmost effective We previously saw, without exclusion.”

Decrease & Co

Jacob Cox Parsons, Ingredients on the Record out-of Jacob Hiltzheimer, off Philadelphia, 1765–1798 (Philadelphia: Wm. , 1893), p. 210. The fresh Diary of Elizabeth Drinker, edited because of the Elaine Forman Crane Tomsk internet brides, step 3 vols. (Boston: Northeastern School Drive, 1991), 2: 634–thirty-five. Many organ pipes, also the church’s information and library, was indeed spared before rooftop collapsed; look for Raymond J. Brunner, You to Resourceful Organization: Pennsylvania German Organ Designers (Birdsboro, Pa.: Pennsylvania German Society, 1990), p. 87.