diary F cijkl = Picture 2 + ? x ijkl + ? y ijkl + ? c ( ? x ijkl ) + ? c ( ? y ijkl )

_ijkl and y_ijkl equal 0. x_ijkl indicates local-spouse-hypergamy (migrant spouse is more educated than local spouse), and y_ijkl indicates local-spouse-hypogamy (migrant spouse is less educated than local spouse). Thus, when i equals 0 and j equals 1 (migrant husband and local wife), x_ijkl equals 1 if k > l and 0 otherwise, y_ijkl equals 1 if k < l>

Second, we size ining the likelihood of hukou intermarriage transform having for every wife or husband’s training (Gullickson and you may Torche, 2014), so we further see version from inside the field change among them urban centers.

journal F cijkl = Equation 2 + ? p = 1 dos ? p u pij + ? q = step one dos ? q w qij + ? c ? p = step one dos ? p you pij + ? c ? q = 1 dos ? q w qij

When i equals j (hukou homogamy), both u_pij and w_qij equal 0. u_pij measures the education effects for migrant spouses to form hukou intermarriages, and w_qij measures the education effects for local spouses to form hukou intermarriages. When i equals 0 and j equals 1 (migrant husband and local wife), u_pij equals 1 if k >p and w_qij equals 1 if l > q; when i equals 1 and j equals 0 (local husband and migrant wife), u_pij equals 1 if l > p and w_qij equals 1 if k > q.

Thus, this model estimates separately how migrants’ and locals’ likelihoods of marrying tyttГ¶ Haitin seksikГ¤s across hukou boundaries change as their educations change. Specifically, ?_p and ?_q capture how the log-odds of hukou intermarriage change for migrants and locals, respectively, when moving up one level of education from either p or q (e.g., from less than high school to high school). Positive values of ? indicate that the odds of hukou intermarriage increase as migrant spouses’ educations increase, and negative values indicate that the odds of hukou intermarriage decrease as migrant spouses’ educations increase. ? provides the same information for local spouses. We expect ? to be positive and S to be negative, and we expect n and ? to be less pronounced in Shanghai than in Shenzhen.

Descriptive Results

Detailed causes Dining table step 1 let you know hukou area pairings out of partners of the area. Inside the Shanghai, on 47% out of micro-census was contracted anywhere between one or two migrants; during the Shenzhen, one commission is more 70%. In the 38% away from marriage ceremonies involved one or two regional partners into the Shanghai, while fifteen% out-of marriage ceremonies had one or two local spouses during the Shenzhen. Demonstrably, anyone had a tendency to marry in their hukou position class in both towns. Both in urban centers, marriage ceremonies ranging from a location spouse and you may a migrant wife was in fact far apt to be than simply marriages anywhere between an effective migrant husband and you can a neighborhood partner to occur (13% compared to. 3% during the Shanghai and you will 11% against. 4% into the Shenzhen). The newest percentage of hukou locality homogamy is similar on a few locations. Yet ,, we want to understand the results having caution, once the express out of migrants is different during these a couple locations. New relative size of migrants and locals produces architectural marital opportunities for those to get prospective partners and ultimately ). Log-linear investigation allows us to examine the degree of hukou homogamy, web of compositional outcomes, from the managing to have marginal withdrawals off hukou reputation.

Table step 1.

We first expose the newest distributions off knowledge attainment for migrant husbands, local husbands, migrant wives, and you may regional spouses within the for each city, respectively, in Figure step 1 . Normally, migrants is faster knowledgeable than locals, no matter what gender, in both Shanghai and you may Shenzhen. One of migrants, guys are best experienced than ladies in one another Shanghai and you can Shenzhen. In contrast, certainly residents, the brand new gender pit from inside the education is actually both quick if you don’t reversed: regional dudes an average of are only a little most useful educated than simply their feminine equivalents within the Shenzhen, and you will local women typically much more educated than just the men equivalents in Shanghai. Log-linear activities manage on studies inequalities anywhere between everyone and anywhere between residents and you may migrants to capture the fresh connections ranging from spouses’ education and you may ranging from instructional and hukou locality assortative mating, websites of your limited distributions out-of spouses’ faculties.